According to Article 130 of the Civil Code, the estate include: land, subsoil and isolated water bodies, all that is firmly connected with land, ie objects, move them without disproportionate damage to their appointment is not possible. The concept of `real property 'includes all rights, interests and benefits associated with ownership of the Property.

Information and documents required to assess real property:
• entitlement to a land plot;
• cadastral plan of the land;
• documents establishing the improvements;
• BTI documents (technical passport, explication, floor plan);
• Net book value of the property.

According themselves appraisers, citizens turn to them in two cases: when you try to get a mortgage and property division. On average, in Moscow, according to the company `SET` center for evaluation for a mortgage call 800-1000 clients per month, the cost of one record - $ 100. Thus, the market can be estimated in the $ 960-1200 thousand per year. Nevertheless, `the market assessment for individuals is poorly developed, - the general director of valuation of the company` SET `center Valery Esaulenko. - Citizens mainly apply for these services in mortgage transactions, as the bank requires a mandatory evaluation. This is typical for the markets of Moscow and St. Petersburg. But even in those cities on the market, there are two or three of the company `. However, according to Esaulenko, the business itself to assess the apartments is highly profitable. `Assessment of apartments - is a retail business - he says. - Enough to work out the technology and put it on stream - and it could bring substantial profits. If there is a widespread demand, many companies will want to work in this market. But now the market is so undeveloped that even the leaders do not think about the workability of the business'.

With the law on real estate tax situation may change dramatically, since many taxpayers, according to experts, will disagree with the assessment of their property, which fielded the state. Actually, the state is likely to hold a mass estimate of the total housing stock in Russia's inventory method, as well as it did with the land. Cities will smash into zones, each with its own zone - increase or decrease - the coefficient, and thus appreciate. Experts believe that public discontent will be a stimulating factor for the market assessment. `We can assume that citizens will begin en masse challenges the prices that have substantially increased the demand for assessment of the premises, - considers the head of the analytical center IRN.ru Oleg Repchenko - because any mass estimate is inaccurate, and any taxpayer seeking to pay as little as possible ' . Valery Esaulenko, however, not sure of the prospects of such claims. `If the assessment methodology will be spelled out in the law quite clearly, the challenge in court the cost of housing, designed with its help, it will be impossible ', - he said.

Job appraiser is inexpensive, especially compared to the amount that is measured by the cost of housing. As mentioned above, the present, a full report for a typical housing in Moscow, made in accordance with the law of the assessment activities, costs from $ 100. If the object is complex, referring to the elite category, the price could go up to $ 500. For the suburban sites the price tends to be higher: for country houses, it starts at $ 150, score as much a cottage with a complex and costly filling can cost $ 1-2 thousand This is due, firstly, that such objects have a large area and secondly, leave them requires additional costs. With regard to timing, to assess the apartments in Moscow will require at least two or three days, and evaluation of the cottage will take three to four days.

According to ASC Ltd `Department` professional assessment, consistency in the work of appraisers shall be as follows: `The first - a conclusion of the contract. Then comes the collection of information, setting goals and tasks facing the appraiser - the customer is not always understand himself what he needed: he found that he needed an evaluation report, but does not know what score is made. It turns out, together with the appraiser, prepared a technical job, signed a contract. Then an appraiser performs an analysis of market information, calculations `.

There are three approaches that an appraiser should use in their work: a comparative, yield and cost. The law should be applied all three approaches, or justify the denial of any of them.

The last stage - writing a report and reconcile with the customer. Harmonization in this case is not about to write a report that the customer wants. Estimator, which comes in the wake of the customer - a bad appraiser. If he comes, he will not work in this market. Of Property revokes licenses of unscrupulous appraisers, and when the control functions will be transferred to self-regulating organizations, such appraisers will be excluded from their ranks. Firm will simply put a ban on work in this area. And the customer will be very advantageous to order the work of such appraiser - examination did not confirm such a report. And if in the course of the trial will prove that the employer has introduced an appraiser in error, it is the customer will bear the responsibility.

In agreeing on the outcome of the appraiser's task is to prove the correctness of its findings to the customer to clarify any incorrect information transferred and make corrections.

After passing the report to the signing of an act of reception and transmission of works, payment of monetary compensation. Appraiser is usually operated by a 50% or 100% prepayment.

In the presence of all documents for a simple real estate work takes from seven to 15 days.

There are factors which are calculated by the assessor, and there are those that are calculated institutes of the former State Construction Committee. Regularly published indexes of the estimated changes in prices of construction industries and for various building elements. The same real estate agencies, public organizations, engaged in market research and publish results of their work. But in fact every time an appraiser, working with a specific building, forced to extract this information and to prove their conclusions. Market value - is the most probable price, provided that the buyer and seller are sufficiently informed. Appraiser's work should stand on the position and the buyer and the seller, to build the logic and order, and a different approach. If the information is publicly available, the evaluator must know about it. In addition, he must reveal information that does not lie on the surface. It is also necessary to lead, to indicate the sources from which this information was taken, and thus prove to the buyer and seller pricing logic.

Market value - it is probable value. In the West, is considered a normal error of 15%. Because even the conditions of bargaining - at least the same 5-10%.

Solomon Darsaniya tells about the appraiser's responsibility for the work: `I know one case where it was prosecuted and sentenced appraiser for fraud - it seems that two years. Like any man, an appraiser may be mistaken, and that his error in the mandatory insurance coverage - such is the requirement of the law. There should be an appraiser liability insurance policy the insured to third parties. The amount otherwise stated, but, on the basis of general practice, it is not less than 1 million rubles. `.

Implementation of unskilled and unprofessional assessment can have serious consequences for the customer. Low quality assessment can lead to significant losses, both direct and indirect.

Ludmila Dorovikova, expert appraiser consulting group `Lex` commented on the responsibility of appraisers: 'Here we are faced with one of the stumbling blocks of the relationship between the client and the appraiser. Very often a customer comes to the appraiser not with the order of assessment, and with the order of evaluation report, which justified the desired customer value object cost estimates. Customer in pursuit of its immediate goals, oblivious to the fact that the assessment report on the property, in essence, is a financial instrument. Appraisers, issuing phony financial instrument, not only compromise the valuation profession, but also to prepare themselves and the client meets with the criminal law. The Penal Code contains articles that criminalize the customer and the appraiser: Article 174 `legalization (laundering) of money or other property acquired by illegal means`, `Article 199 of Tax Evasion with organizations`, `Article 200 Deception of consumers' and other `.

Since the activities of appraisers many scandals connected. In particular, in the 1990's they were caused by the fact that understated the cost of privatized enterprises. The ensuing crisis of 1998, after a wave of bankruptcies led to the enrichment of some creditors at the expense of others, too, not without the help appraisers. Total number of bad loans issued by banks on the security, whose value was inflated several times, in general, is incalculable. This was due to the fact that until recently the activities of appraisers little controlled by the state. Now the situation has changed.

Introduction of licensing assessment activities, adoption of state standards of evaluation, the use of mandatory subjects of evaluation activity, the growing control over the work of appraisers by the state should force appraisers to work in a civilized rules.

Errors and intentional wrongful acts known appraisers and abroad. Problems of European colleagues are similar to our Russia's. Pyutsepp Raine, the head of the department estimated Pindi Kinnisvara talks about the situation with the appraisers in Estonia: `In the case of an act of assessment - everyone has an opinion about the state of his apartment and its value, but an appraiser, a specialist will be able to more accurately determine the market value . Let's be honest - there are mistakes, but these professionals they are extremely rare. At the same time one should bear in mind that if he wanted to take the credit, making the object of a pledge, then he should allow an independent real estate appraiser to do their work quietly.

Companies engaged in real estate assessment, use different methods to smooth out disputes as to value. The most common example is a method of comparison, during which compares transactions entered into in recent times in a certain area.

Based on the characteristics of the object being evaluated, determined and its market value.

The second possibility - the method returns when the market value determined by the yield of the object. All the methods used in large real estate firms, Estonia, approved by the International Committee for the qualifying standards (IVSC - International Valuation Standard Committee). Since this committee represented the world's leading experts on assessment, there is no reason to doubt they have created standards.

Despite the thoroughness of the work from time to time it happens that the client is trying to influence an appraiser in accordance with his wishes. Fortunately, this is wasted effort. A professional appraiser can not afford to provide themselves with the impact evaluation of the property, as doing so, he jeopardizes his entire future. But even if you come across an appraiser who is willing to accept a bribe offered to change the result of evaluation, the possibility of success is negligible. Firstly, because if the appraiser makes a thorough examination of the object and calculates the market value, he has to defend its assessment of the evaluation committee on the real estate firm. To achieve consensus, no act has not come out of real estate company, and often disputes can last several hours - whether it be a large office building or the same tiny apartment in Copley. The second reason why an appraiser should not offer a bribe, is that banks are well informed about the market at the moment. In case of doubt the bank asks the customer to order a new appraisal report, and the customer will have to pay for it himself. Thus, the owner of real estate, offering a bribe, the risk of paying thousands of CZK without any benefit. So if the fraud will come out, have problems like the appraiser, and his employer, and the client who tried to deceive the confidence of the bank as a creditor.

There have been attempts to forge an act of evaluation, but the larger firms, including Pindi Kinnisvara, made their assessment of such acts that forged their very, very difficult. Tampering soon disappear altogether, as larger firms to enter the real estate acts of sending e-assessment in the bank and the customer, the customer will not have to run between the firm and the bank. Act will come into the bank faster and thus accelerate the decision to grant a loan `.