Ideally luxury housing should be located in an environmentally perfect place. But now the situation of a construction is that developers are not up to ideals. Metropolitan potential of free land has been exhausted. `In the center of the city, where land is terribly expensive, for the ownership of each vacant land is serious struggle investors and developers. Therefore, the release of industrial land - overarching question, - says CEO of Delta Estate Elena Zemtsova. - The CAO, for example, industrial production facilities varying degrees of activity employing about 20% of all areas of the district `.

Most of the former industrial areas, in which the planned or already under construction real estate (both elite and business class), located between the Garden Ring and the TTC, as well as some nearby areas outside the latter. The most famous project - 'Moscow-City', the area under which mastered until Shmitovsky; where luxury housing located in high-rise towers of the complex `Capital City '. On the other bank of the Moskva River at the factory named after Sacco and Vanzetti construct another object - 'Park City', where an area of 15 hectares will be built 200 thousand square meters of housing. As part of the ambitious project 'Big City', declared recently and involving reconstruction of the entire area from the subway stations 'Fili' and `to` Kutuzovskaya Khoroshevskoe highway, expected to bring dozens of companies, including Krasnopresnensky plant JBI and 4-th Moscow Flour. Territory `Big City 'will be built up by low-rise residential buildings on individual projects, and along the projected Krasnopresnensky Avenue and Fourth transport ring erect skyscrapers. Also, is the development of sites for residential construction on the site of the plant `rubber ', a complex of buildings the company` `Garteks in Khamovniki and 15-second trolley park. Another will be built office and residential complex on the site of the plant `` LGM in Zamoskvorechye, residential neighborhood `` Volgograd, LCD with objects of social infrastructure in the street Perovskoj. The territory of industrial zone on the shore near Yauza Sokolnikov belonging to the plant `Red` Bogatyr envisaged under the project of the elite residential complex with non-standard elements of architecture and construction. In this case the river Yauza must be completely cleared. And in the heart of the city, the territory occupied by the factory 'Red October', built office and residential complex 'Golden Island', the cost of apartments in which promises to break all existing records in Moscow.

All this is very large-scale, multifamily projects. It is such and profitable, explains Tatiana Van Graafaylend, a specialist of the Department of elite real estate company Nordblom, since the output price per square meter depends on the total area of the object. The more stain development, the lower its cost. Industrial zone attractive to developers is the fact that in them is present all the communications, like the expert of the company DeltaRealty Elena Zhilskaya, especially electricity, which is always held in more than sufficient quantities.

Seeing the interest in industrial areas in the city, metropolitan government worked out its policies. `A few years ago it subsidy encouraged developers - says Tatiana Van Graafaylend. - However, realizing that no production on the territory of Moscow can not be compared with the profits from the construction, was slightly altered tactics work with developers. Now the transfer of industrial zone for the construction of the city is regarded as a loss of production space, and by the developer is required compensation `.

The dustbin of history

It is also the case with the ecology of the place occupied formerly industrial production? This question is asked every buyer familiar with the `family tree 'construction site. `Ecology - an integral component of any truly elite project - commented on the subject CEO of Prime Development Vsevolod Charles. - It is for this reason, the prestigious residential areas on the site is really hazardous industries never built. On the one hand, developers, as reasonable people, not involved in such projects, on the other - potential options for the implementation of elite residential projects on the ground hazardous industries are almost nonexistent. The reason is that the grounds on which to build really high-class residential, are typically located in the central parts of cities, where historically very dangerous and harmful production was not showing `. Indeed, the bulk of the former industrial zones to be allocated for residential construction in Moscow - is the site where food production was located, the objects of light industry, machine-building enterprises, Unitron, etc., that is, objects that are in an environmental sense does not represent a significant threat.

On the other hand, modern tools allow sterile neutralize any territory. `It will be difficult to sell a house, built on the site except that the nuclear power plant, - says Director of Development for` engineering `Benefit Jaroslav Kozlov. - And other productions of pollution it is possible to smooth out `.

Nobody remembers the first building and recreational experiments the mid-90's, when the field of urban and industrial landfills were built residential neighborhoods.

But this way have been created Orekhovo-Borisovo, Brateevo, Marino. On-site landfill built residential complex 'Golden Keys', which did not prevent him from becoming one of the best examples of elite housing 90. A number of environmental impact assessments confirmed that the works done for the rehabilitation of soils and the environment provided full security of tenure.

`Do modern Moscow memory maiden - summarized Jaroslav Kozlov. - All is forgotten very quickly, as are changing rapidly: today at this place a shoe store, and a week later a fashionable cafe or, say, a tram depot, and after six months - water park. Even if you demolish the well-known industrial area, such as the Kiev railway station, and in its place build a luxury residential complex, it will be very quickly sold out, although all will remember that the house stands on the site of the station (which is almost synonymous with bomzhatnika). There is some urban charm, a kind of utilitarian styling. The residential quarter at the place of production, of course, will not have history. But buyers are not afraid '.

How to have a `sweep`

Possibility of housing on the site of a particular company studied as urban structures, and the developer. As said Elena Zhilskaya environmental assessment is connected at the stage of preparatory work before the Moscow Committee for Architecture is given the task of designing the original licensing documentation. In the course of surveying analyze the composition of the soil, and in case of negative results, experts recommend a list of actions to be taken to build still possible.

Elena Zemtsova contends that the developer, before starting work on the site, be sure to conducting a comprehensive assessment of the costs of exploration and development of new areas of the project. If the impact of the former enterprise on the environment is significant, it dramatically increases the amount of rehabilitation work and, consequently, increases the cost of the project.

There are certain standards of the soil. `If the test site was previously the company, who contracted waste ground, and now its composition does not match the standards, the company produces special slice of the soil, as a rule, the depth of 1,5-2 m, - says the director of department of office real estate Becar Property Management Alex Chizhov. - Cut the land taken away in the storage and disposal of such wastes, which are outside the city. Then spend a second analysis of the soil, the remainder of the construction. Further, if necessary, to place a new cut of the earth are imported and distributed it across. If this is not necessary, just a few are altering the landscape, drawing on the ground level, which remained after the cutoff `.

According to Elena Zemtsova, the depth of soil withdrawn sometimes reaches 7-8 m. reclamation is carried out before the pre-training and the beginning of the harmonization process with the authorities. The cost of the development of industrial areas, it estimates, could take up to one third of the total investment for construction, which further increases the risks of the builder. But the other prospects for the capital town planning yet. However, according to Yaroslav Kozlova, developer costs recovered well: `If the complex is located in the prestigious area of Moscow, the developer can assign a price for the finished house that would not really smooth out and completely replace the soil at the construction site at 10 meters in depth` .

Typically, such a cleaning procedure is necessary to place retired enterprises, which in its production using chemically active elements (plants and factories, whose activity is related to engineering, chemical industry, etc.). Reclamation of land held, for example, in place of the State Institute of Applied Chemistry in St. Petersburg. During the construction of a multifunctional complex ' `Quay European soil was removed to a depth of 1.5 m.

`Experts note - said Alexey Chizhov, - that all our companies are more or less harmful, and always recommend the analysis of the soil '. `Despite all the expertise - adds Vsevolod Charles - there is still a risk that the land on which construction will be carried out, may be contaminated with harmful chemicals. The fact that such pollution are often local in nature, and check every square meter area for construction can not be `. If the buyer or the tenants themselves have doubts about the ecological well-being of the territory on which it stands, you can always hold its expertise. Analysis of the territory is worth $ 1200. As the best laboratories can recommend OOO PKF `Spetsstroyekologiya`.