The first dangerous appearance of the 20 millionth uncontrollable "monster". The second cause discontent of millions of people sleeping areas, which would remain Muscovites in the full sense of the word. And the third is clearly not like those people of the Moscow suburbs, which "will give" in the neighboring regions.

Chief architect of Moscow Alexander Kuzmin, like most recent version. "I think a reasonable association to Betonka inclusive. And all that for Betonka, you can attach to other areas ", - he said. Architects do not seem afraid of people's anger, because he is not responsible for the consequences of such decisions. But those who now manages the Moscow and the region, must take into account the position of the population, unless, of course, they look to the future. But can and do not care about public opinion, if they know that their governor's days are numbered. Meanwhile, details of the June poll was told that most people in the Moscow region in favor of union with Moscow, while Muscovites opposed.

MAYOR VERSUS GROMOV

The idea of Moscow and the region in a single metropolitan region occurred some time ago, but recently began to remember her again at the highest level. In support of the association recently made capital mayor Yuri Luzhkov. According to him, this "thing in many respects useful.

Mayor of Moscow is well aware that in the event of the merger will be the subject of the Federation, which will have a third of the country's economic potential, which may be totally unacceptable in terms of proportions between the regions. Nevertheless, a positive solution to this problem, according to Luzhkov, perhaps because the city and the region represent a single economic system, which means that the development of the unification plan is a "serious reason".

However, the Muscovites, as shown by the data survey was not yet ready to support their mayor. Only 28% of residents of the capital in favor of the merger of the two regions, against - 57%. Only 3% of Muscovites believe that the benefit from such a merger would be their city, another 21% hoped for mutual benefit, while 30% of the predicted benefits for the region, while 37% - total loss.

In Moscow people think differently. The majority voted for the union - 66%, against - 17% of respondents. In this view, that will benefit themselves, supported by 40% of the area. 28% of respondents indicate a benefit of both parties, according to 11% - will benefit only in Moscow and 15% predict mutual loss.

Moscow Region Governor Boris Gromov has been a consistent opponent of the idea of merging two RF subjects. With opposite positions advocated Gromov's opponent in the gubernatorial elections, Boris Fyodorov, who believes that the Moscow city and region should represent one entity, the Federation, their separation is unreasonable. Fedorov will lose the elections, which may indicate only one thing - this issue was not primarily for the residents of suburbs.

According to opinion polls, the majority of Russians support the unification of the regions, but many at the same time strongly objected to cease to exist precisely the subject of the Federation, where they live themselves. Here and on the merger of Moscow and spoke approvingly of 37% of Russians, with 13% of them certainly endorse this idea. Do not approve - 29%, of which 9% - opposed (many active opponents of the association - Muscovites).

Positive and a negative

The process of integrating Russian regions are already active in a number of the Federation. However, there is only the elimination of so-called matryoshka, that is autonomy, which, as seems to be an independent subject of Russia, both considered part of another entity. Talk about a massive reduction of the total number of regions has not resulted in an organizational and legal decisions. While in some cases, the merging of small areas is fairly good economic prospects.

What will win the Moscow region, if it becomes part of the capital region? The positive effects of a possible merger of the Russians are first of all raise the living standards and welfare of the population of Moscow region (24%), as well as creating new jobs in the area (16%) and reducing the gap in the level and quality of life between Moscow and the rest of the country (12 %). In addition, 19% of respondents said that in this way can solve the housing problem - at the expense of acquiring new land for capital construction. 16% believe that the reduced number of regional officials. According to 12% of respondents, the enlarged region will become more manageable.

Economic feasibility of unification of Moscow and the region have repeatedly stressed the chairman of the Moscow City Duma Vladimir Platonov. He believes that this is due not so much a shortage within the city land for the construction, how to optimize such sectors as water supply, collection and recycling of garbage, construction of flyovers and roads.

"The uniqueness of the economic and political situation in Moscow and Moscow region suggests that the fact that unity is possible, but should primarily be economic design professionals - emphasizes Platonov. - It must be borne in mind that no one no one will eat. Moscow did not capture the Moscow region. This is not intervention, and the creation of a new region, following a referendum, the election of new government - if it happens at all. "

Negative changes in the case of a consolidated regional respondents reckon increase in the Moscow area house prices (25%), capture the capital of the new land for construction (20%). It is also further increases the gap between living standards in Moscow and elsewhere in Russia (15%). However, many believe that will not only reduce the controllability of such a large region (18%), but also increase the number of regional officials (16%).

Moscow regional policy, for example, claim that the region no longer wants to be "younger brother" of Moscow, that is quite independent region, which is able to develop without its rich neighbor. Moreover, they fear that the standard of living will clear stratification of the population into rich Muscovites and residents of the poor suburbs. "It will be almost the same as when combining East and West Germany", - predicts chairman Mosobldumy Valery Aksakov.

But high-ranking officials of regional leadership somehow forget that they themselves, as a rule, live and work in Moscow. And it is unlikely they will like the idea to move all the officials to the region, not in houses close to the Moscow region, and in some large city, for example, in Sergiev Posad, Voskresensk or Dmitrov. And if there "exile" and all public authorities in the region, it is still unknown, may go after them by potential investors.

The leaders of the field are well aware that the main economic indicators Moscow has not call up to the level of the capital. Combining regions would help to increase this potential, if the management of all administrative processes carried out from one center. Yes, and the market would cease to slip, bumping into the flimsy boundaries of the city and region. But officials seem too concerned about their own welfare, to objectively look at what is happening.

UNLIMITED CAPITAL

Meanwhile, experts believe that Moscow and Moscow region de facto already are one region. Every day, around 2 million inhabitants of the area travel to work and study in the capital, Muscovites began to buy apartments in the cheaper satellite town (Balashikha, Odintsovo, Krasnogorsk). It is necessary to take into account the fact that hundreds of thousands of citizens every summer go to their plots of land, becoming at the time, residents of Moscow region and thereby increasing the burden on the infrastructure area.

"Most people do not know where the city ends and begins region. Anyone who thinks that the boundary follows the Moscow Ring Road - is not right ", - said Alexander Kuzmin. He also notes that 12 thousand hectares of regional territories assigned to Moscow in 1984, were transferred to the principles, which at present does not exist. As a result, the current cutting "is not defined by any town planning precepts. But even these failures are not always defined by boundaries precisely. But negotiations between the authorities of the city and region to harmonize existing boundaries now and then come to a standstill as everyone wants to retain the most delicious pieces of disputed territories.

Singly problems of transport, ecology, energy, industrial development, etc. impossible to solve, according to Kuzmin. "No area will be to design roads that do not have to continue in the city, ending at the Moscow Ring Road, is of no significance" - he says, citing as an example under construction route Moscow Borodino. But the capital still can not resolve the issue of quality transport links with its own administrative enclave - the city of Zelenograd.

Combining the city and region into a single entity will take the endless disputes over borders, shelterbelts, Status of suburban airports, as well as areas and facilities located on the outside of the Moscow Ring Road. "Moscow in dire need of land resources for the implementation of a national housing program, the output of industrial enterprises, the organization of processing waste, deal with the rest and treatment of Muscovites", - considers the Moscow City Duma Deputy Mikhail Moskvin-Tarkhanov. "The question of withdrawal of companies from the city should be decided centrally, in terms of unity of command, given from what part of the area go to work for this company", - adds another member of the MHD Michael Antontsev.

Merging regions would solve both these problems, believe they are.

However, not all experts are configured so optimistic. Some, in particular, believe that the presence of a significant amount of free land in the Moscow region - is an illusion, since most sites there has long been privately owned or leased long-term lease. And with the help of brute force, as was done in the Moscow region of South Butovo, homeowners there are not evicted.